Sermon: Agency
by Chris Cumming

I recently had a member approach me and ask if I could do a sermon showing how God works and thinks.  Just how does He do things?  How does He work with us?  In this sermon, we will answer these questions and more as I encourage all of us to follow His lead.

Follow His lead.

Let’s begin with the verse I have been quoting the last two years that I have been promising a full immersion.


Ephesians 1:11
In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will:

This is a key verse to our spiritual maturity and showing how God works.  God works all things after the counsel of His own will.  Our maturity comes when our natural will matches His.  All we must do is figure out what His will is.  We are talking about God’s general will here and not necessarily His specific will for all people and all situations.  Clearly, what He does in specific situations will flow from his general will.

Let us go to the commentaries:

Of him who worketh all things - Of God, the universal agent. The affirmation here is not merely that God accomplishes the designs of salvation according to the counsel of his own will, but that “he does everything.” His agency is not confined to one thing, or to one class of objects. Every object and event is under his control, and is in accordance with his eternal plan. The word rendered “worketh” -  energeo¯ - means to work, to be active, to produce; Ephesians 1:20; Galatians 2:8; Philippians 2:13. A universal agency is ascribed to him. “The same God which “worketh” all in all;” 1 Corinthians 12:6. He has an agency in causing the emotions of our hearts. “God, who worketh in you both to Will and to do of his good pleasure;” Philippians 2:13. He has an agency in distributing to people their various allotments and endowments. “All these worketh that one and the self-same Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will;” 1 Corinthians 12:11. ~Barnes Notes

Quoted verses:
Ephesians 1:20
Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places,

Galatians 2:8
(For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles:)

Philippians 2:13
For it is God which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure.

1 Corinthians 12:6
And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same God which worketh all in all.

1 Corinthians 12:11
But all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will.

Continuing now in the commentary:

The agency of God is seen everywhere. Every leaf, flower, rose-bud, spire of grass; every sun-beam, and every flash of lightning; every cataract and every torrent, all declare his agency; and there is not an object that we see that does not bespeak the control of an All-present God. It would be impossible to affirm more explicitly that God’s agency is universal, than Paul does in the passage before us. He does not attempt to prove it. It is one of those points on which he does not deem it necessary to pause and reason, but which may be regarded as a conceded point in the discussion of other topics, and which may be employed without hesitation in their illustration. Paul does not state the “mode” in which this is done. He affirms merely the fact. He does not say that he “compels” men, or that he overbears them by mere physical force. His agency he affirms to be universal; but it is undoubtedly in accordance with the nature of the object, and with the laws which he has impressed on them.

His agency in the work of creation was absolute and entire; for there was nothing to act on, and no established laws to be observed. Over the mineral kingdom his control must also be entire, yet in accordance with the laws which he has impressed on matter. The crystal and the snow are formed by his agency; but it is in accordance with the laws which he has been pleased to appoint. So, in the vegetable world his agency is everywhere seen; but the lily and the rose blossom in accordance with uniform laws, and not in an arbitrary manner. So in the animal kingdom. God gives sensibility to the nerve, and excitability and power to the muscle. He causes the lungs to heave, and the arteries and veins to bear the blood along the channels of life; but it is not in an arbitrary manner. It is in accordance with the laws which he has ordained and he never disregards in his agency over these kingdoms.

So in his government of mind. He works everywhere. But he does it in accordance with the laws of mind.

Let us look at the last phrase of the verse:

After the counsel of his own will - Not by consulting his creatures, or conforming to their views, but by his own views of what is proper and right. We are not to suppose that this is by “mere” will, as if it were arbitrary, or that he determines anything without good reason. The meaning is, that his purpose is determined by what “he” views to be right, and without consulting his creatures or conforming to their views. His dealings often seem to us to be arbitrary. We are incapable of perceiving the reasons of what he does. He makes those his friends who we should have supposed would have been the last to have become Christians. He leaves those who seem to us to be on the borders of the kingdom, and they remain unmoved and unaffected. But we are not thence to suppose that he is arbitrary. In every instance, we are to believe that there is a good reason for what he does, and one which we may be permitted yet to see, and in which we shall wholly acquiesce.

The phrase “counsel of his own will” is remarkable. It is designed to express in the strongest manner the fact that it is not by human counsel or advice. The word “counsel” - boule¯ - means “a council” or “senate;” then a determination, purpose, or decree; see Robinson’s Lexicon. Here it means that his determination was formed by his own will, and not by human reasoning. Still, his will in the case may not have been arbitrary. When it is said of man that he forms his own purposes, and acts according to his own will, we are not to infer that he acts without reason. He may have the highest and best reasons for what he does, but he does not choose to make them known to others, or to consult others. So, it may be of God, and so we should presume it to be. It may be added, that we ought to have such confidence in him as to believe that he will do all things well. The best possible evidence that anything is done in perfect wisdom and goodness, is the fact that God does it. When we have ascertained that, we should be satisfied that all is right. ~Barnes Notes

What did we just learn?  What are these commentaries saying?

1] God is the universal agent.
2] He does everything.  Every object and event is under His control.
3] He has an agency in causing the emotions of our hearts.  We just had a sermon on this subject: Salubrious where we talk about how emotions work and what they do.  Now we see that God is absolutely at work in our emotions.  He is our partner in those emotions.  He wants us residing in positive emotions.  This means that we must give our emotional life over to Him in all assiduity just as we put all the physical, mental and spiritual things of our life.  Is there anything in our life for which God is not the universal agency?  We must follow His lead.

4] He has an agency in distributing to people their various allotments and endowments. 
5] The agency of God is seen everywhere [Romans 1:20].
6] There is not an object that we see that does not bespeak the control of God.
7] God is never arbitrary.  We are to believe that God has an absolute and perfect reason for everything that happens.  Knowing this makes it easy to follow His lead.
8] We must have absolute confidence that He will do all things well [perfectly].
9] The best possible evidence that anything is done in perfect wisdom and goodness, is the fact that God does it.
10] Knowing all these things should satisfy us that all is right. [Romans 8:28].

Now all this has been about one verse.  Let us read it again:

Ephesians 1:11
In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will:

Let us look at some other verses in this chapter and ask some questions.

Does God bless us with spiritual blessings.  If so, how many?

Ephesians 1:3 
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ:

Notice this about the phrase, "in heavenly places in Christ."  The word "places" is not in the original text. 

Notice the commentary:

In heavenly places in Christ - The word “places” is here understood, and is not in the original. It may mean heavenly “places,” or heavenly “things.” The word “places” does not express the best sense. The idea seems to be, that God has blessed us in Christ in regard to heavenly subjects or matters. ~Barnes Notes

So, one way God blesses us; works with us is to give us all spiritual blessings in regard to heavenly subjects or matters.  As we know, these heavenly subjects or matters include every element of salvation and our growing in spiritual maturity.  We know this, in part, from the next verse:

Ephesians 1:4 
According as he hath chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love:

There are others:

1 Thessalonians 2:12 
That ye would walk worthy of God, who hath called you unto his kingdom and glory.

1Thessalonians 5:9
 For God hath not appointed us to wrath, but to obtain salvation by our Lord Jesus Christ,

2 Thessalonians 2:13-14
13 But we are bound to give thanks alway to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, because God hath from the beginning chosen you to salvation through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of the truth:
14 Whereunto he called you by our gospel, to the obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.

1 Peter 2:9 
But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:

2 Peter 1:3
According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue:

Back to the questions from Ephesians 1.

What emotion comes up for God as He works all things after the counsel of His own will?

Ephesians 1:5
Having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will,

"The good pleasure of His will."  Notice the commentary:

According to the good pleasure of his will - the will of God is the rule of all his actions, and of all his acts of grace and goodness; and the good pleasure of it appears in the predestination of men to grace and glory: and from hence it is manifest, that foreseen faith, holiness, and good works, are excluded from being the moving cases of predestinating grace; and that it is wholly to be resolved into the good will and pleasure of God. ~John Gill

Another question:

Does God work with us to make us accepted in Christ?
Ephesians 1:6-7
6 To the praise of the glory of his grace, wherein he hath made us accepted in the beloved.
7 In whom we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the riches of his grace;

Note: The "beloved" here is Christ.  These two verses are speaking to the Salvation Process, so using verse 5, God put us specifically into the process according to His will and His pleasure.

So God put us into the salvation process.  How does He work with us there?

Ephesians 1:8
Wherein he hath abounded toward us in all wisdom and prudence;

Notice the commentary:

Wherein he hath abounded - Which he has liberally manifested to us This grace has not been stinted and confined, but has been liberal and abundant.

In all wisdom - That is, he has evinced great wisdom in the plan of salvation; wisdom in so saving people as to secure the honor of his own law, and in devising a scheme that was eminently adapted to save people; see the notes at 1 Corinthians 1:24. ~ Barnes Notes

Quoted verse:
1 Corinthians 1:24
But unto them which are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God.

Our key verse, Ephesians 1:11 says God does everything after the counsel of His own will and I have stated that we need to know and have the same will He has.  Is there any verse in the Bible stating that God is showing us that will?

Ephesians 1:9 
Having made known unto us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he hath purposed in himself:

Notice the commentary:

The mystery — God’s purpose of redemption hidden heretofore in His counsels, but now revealed (Ephesians 6:19; Romans 16:25; Colossians1:26-27). This “mystery” is not like the heathen mysteries, which were imparted only to the initiated few. All Christians are the initiated. Only unbelievers are the uninitiated. ~Jamieson, Fausset, Brown

Quoted verses:
Ephesians 6:19
And for me, that utterance may be given unto me, that I may open my mouth boldly, to make known the mystery of the gospel,

Romans 16:25
Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began,

Colossians 1:26-27
26 Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints:
27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

Let us look at some other scriptures that speak to how God works.

Romans 12:1-2 
1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.
2. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.

What could be clearer?  We are transformed by the renewing of our minds.  How do we renew our mind?  By putting God's mind into our mind or better stated, by immersing ourselves into His mind.  Doing so will prove to our minds that good, acceptable and perfect will of God.

I did an entire sermon on this with the title, "Your Reasonable Service" ...a sermon about being a living sacrifice before God.

Note: In all these scriptures that speak to our duties in the salvation process, God has shown us that He has given us the power to perform them and that He will lead us on the righteous and holy path.  So follow His lead.

The verse says, "acceptable unto God." 

Psalm 25:4 
Shew me thy ways, O LORD; teach me thy paths.

1 John 3:3
And every man that hath this hope in him purifieth himself, even as he is pure.

2 Corinthians 7:1 
Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

1 Corinthians 12:4-13
4 Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit.
5 And there are differences of administrations, but the same Lord.
6 And there are diversities of operations, but it is the same God which worketh all in all.
7 But the manifestation of the Spirit is given to every man to profit withal.
8 For to one is given by the Spirit the word of wisdom; to another the word of knowledge by the same Spirit;
9 To another faith by the same Spirit; to another the gifts of healing by the same Spirit;
10 To another the working of miracles; to another prophecy; to another discerning of spirits; to another divers kinds of tongues; to another the interpretation of tongues:
11 But all these worketh that one and the selfsame Spirit, dividing to every man severally as he will.
12 For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of that one body, being many, are one body: so also is Christ.
13 For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit.

Go back up to verse 6 and the phrase, "all in all" as in God worketh all these things in all firstfruits.  Notice the commentary:

All in all - All these operations are to be traced to him. His agency is everywhere. It is as really seen in the insect’s wing as in the limbs of the mammoth; as really in the humblest violet as in the loftiest oak of the forest. All, therefore, should regard themselves as under his direction, and should submit to his arrangements. If people regard their endowments as the gift of God, they will be thankful for them, and they will not be disposed to despise or undervalue others who have been placed in a more humble condition and rank in the church. ~Barnes Notes

2 Peter 3:9
The Lord is not slack concerning his promise, as some men count slackness; but is longsuffering to us-ward, not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance.

Hebrews 13:21 
Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

See the commentary on the phrase, "Working in you.":

Working in you - Margin, “Doing.” The idea here is, that the only hope that they would do the will of God was, that he would, by his own agency, cause them to do what was well-pleasing in his sight. ~Barnes Notes

Now the commentary on the first phrase of the verse, "Make you perfect."

Make you perfect - The apostle here does not affirm that they were then perfect, or that they would be in this life. The word used here - καταρτιζω  katartizō - means to make fully ready; to put in full order; to make complete. The meaning here is, that Paul prayed that God would fully endow them with whatever grace was necessary to do his will and to keep his commandments.  It is an appropriate prayer to be offered at all times, and by all who love the church, that God would make all his people perfectly qualified to do all his will. ~Barnes Notes

Let’s finish with a definitive verse speaking to how God works:

Philippians 1:6
Being confident of this very thing, that he which hath begun a good work in you will perform it until the day of Jesus Christ.

So go now and continue to follow God’s lead.

back to the top       back to the main page for this sermon